Reference · Math

math.pow

math.pow(num, num) -> float

What it does

The first number raised to the power of the second, always as a float, as Python's math.pow. The plain pow keeps an int result an int; math.pow does not. A negative base takes only a whole exponent, and zero only a non-negative one.

Examples

print(math.pow(2, 10), math.pow(2, 0.5), math.pow(2, -1))print(math.pow(-2, 3), math.pow(10, 6))print(math.pow(2, 10), pow(2, 10))

1024.0 1.4142135623730951 0.5-8.0 1000000.01024.0 1024

Edge cases

• math.pow(0, 0) is 1.0, as are math.pow(1, NaN) and math.pow(NaN, 0).
• A negative base with a whole exponent is fine; with a fractional one it is a domain error, so a cube root of a negative number is math.cbrt.
• A result too small for a float is 0.0, not an error; one too large is a range error.
• Infinities follow the usual rules: 2 to inf is inf, 0.5 to inf is 0.0, inf to -1 is 0.0, -inf cubed is -inf.

print(math.pow(0, 0), math.pow(1, math.nan), math.pow(math.nan, 0))print(math.pow(-2, 2), math.pow(-8, 1/3 * 3), math.cbrt(-8))print(math.pow(10, -400), math.isfinite(math.pow(10, 308)))print(math.pow(2, math.inf), math.pow(0.5, math.inf), math.pow(math.inf, -1), math.pow(-math.inf, 3))

1.0 1.0 1.04.0 -8.0 -2.00.0 trueinf 0.0 0.0 -inf

Errors

Zero to a negative power, and a negative number to a fractional power, are runtime errors (domain errors), not error values: they stop the request, and ?? does not catch them. A result past the largest float is a range error, the same way. A value that is not a number is a runtime error too; a decimal is converted first with float.

print(math.pow(0, -1))

line 1: `math.pow`: math domain error (0, -1)

print(math.pow(-8, 0.5))

line 1: `math.pow`: math domain error (-8, 0.5)

print(math.pow(10, 400))

line 1: `math.pow`: math range error (10, 400)

Chaining

In a pipeline the base comes first, so x | math.pow(2) squares x. For a whole list, vec.pow raises each item:

print(3 | math.pow(2))print([1, 2, 3] | map((x) => math.pow(x, 2)), vec.pow([1, 2, 3], 2))print(1.05 | math.pow(10) | round(4))

9.0[1.0, 4.0, 9.0] [1.0, 4.0, 9.0]1.6289

See also

pow, math.sqrt, math.cbrt, math.exp, math.exp2, vec.pow

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